Discover the clash of philosophies behind the birth of public lands and its relevance to collaborating across ideological divisions today. Based on the instructor’s book, “Natural Rivals: John Muir, Gifford Pinchot, and the Creation of America’s Public Lands,” discuss the opposing concepts of conservation and preservation. John Muir, sometimes called the Father of the National Parks, was a renowned American naturalist who protected Yosemite and co-founded the Sierra Club. Gifford Pinchot established the U.S. Forest Service and advised his friend Theodore Roosevelt on environmental policy.